La circulation atmosphérique des moyennes latitudes conditionne une partie du climat européen et des moyennes et hautes latitudes de l’hémisphère Sud, où elle est également un élément important pour les échanges ... Lire la suite »

Despite the societal importance of extreme hydroclimate events, few palaeoenvironmental studies of Scandinavian lake sediments have investigated flood occurrences. Here we present a flood history based on lithological, geochemical and mineral magnetic records of a Holocene sediment sequence ... Lire la suite »

  Climate trends in the Antarctic region remain poorly characterized, owing to the brevity and scarcity of direct climate observations and the large magnitude of interannual to decadal-scale climate variability. Here, within the framework of the PAGES Antarctica2k working group, we ... Lire la suite »

  Air enclosed in ice cores provides a unique archive for paleo-climate studies. Understanding the air enclosure process is essential for better quantifying the age of air trapped in the bubbles, correct for artifacts in elemental and isotopic composition of trapped species and estimate the ... Lire la suite »

As part of its ongoing project on repositories for high-activity, long-lived radioactive waste, a 2000 m deep borehole was drilled by the French Nuclear Waste Agency (ANDRA) in the layered structure of alternating aquifers and aquitards of the Eastern Paris Basin. Among the information retrieved ... Lire la suite »

The Rhône is characterised by a heavy concentration of nuclear-based industries including nuclear power stations and nuclear sites housing civilian and military facilities. Here, we report the results of a four-year survey (2010-2013) of tritium and radiocarbon levels in a variety of matrices ... Lire la suite »

Bottled waters are increasingly popular in Tunisia. Most of them come from groundwaters, thus raising the question of the long-term availability of the mineral groundwater resources. Water collected from production springs or wells of eleven mineral waters of Tunisia among the main commercial ... Lire la suite »

Objectives: Stable isotope data provide insight into the reconstruction of ancient human diet. However, cooking may alter the original stable isotope compositions of food due to losses and modifications of biochemical and water components. Methods: To address this issue, carbon, nitrogen and ... Lire la suite »

We present a comprehensive account of tritium and 3He in the Mediterranean Sea since the appearance of the tritium generated by the atmospheric nuclear-weapon testing in the 1950s and early 1960s, based on essentially all available observations. Tritium in surface waters rose to 20 - 30 TU in 1964 ... Lire la suite »

Cette étude montre que si le CO2 atmosphérique continue d'augmenter, les différences entre été et hiver des extrêmes d'acidité des océans doubleront d'ici à la fin du siècle. Elle met donc en doute l'idée ... Lire la suite »

Une collaboration internationale publie dans Science Advances, le 8 novembre 2017, une synthèse sur deux épisodes climatiques au cours desquels la Terre fut couverte de glace et de neige. Cet article dresse le bilan de plus de 35 ans de recherches et de polémiques ... Lire la suite »

Quinze instruments de musique de l’Égypte ancienne ont été datés par le Laboratoire de mesure du carbone 14, en collaboration avec l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale du Caire et le CNRS (HiSoMA, UMR 5189). Ces instruments de ... Lire la suite »

Sélectionné par l’ANR en 2016 et lancé en 2017, l’Institut Convergence Cland a pour objectif d'étudier la vulnérabilité des écosystèmes cultivés face au changement climatique et le contrôle des émissions ... Lire la suite »

Abstract: The transformation of snow into ice is a complex phenomenon which is difficult to model. Depending on surface temperature and accumulation rate, it may take several decades to millennia for air to be entrapped in ice. The air is thus always younger than the surrounding ice. The resulting ... Lire la suite »

A 22.4 m-long shallow firn core was extracted during the 2006/2007 field season from coastal Adélie Land. Annual layer counting based on sub-annual analyses of δ18O and major chemical components was combined with 5 reference years associated with nuclear tests and non-retreat of summer ... Lire la suite »

  En datant par le 14C, les granules de vers de terre retrouvées dans une séquence de loess, une équipe pluridisciplinaire de chercheurs a permis de donner, pour la première fois, un cadre chronologique à toutes les phases de redoux de la dernière ... Lire la suite »

  The eruption of Samalas in Indonesia in 1257 ranks among the largest sulfur-rich eruptions of the Common Era with sulfur deposition in ice cores reaching twice the volume of the Tambora eruption in 1815. Sedimentological analyses of deposits confirm the exceptional size of the event, ... Lire la suite »

  Objectives: Stable isotope data provide insight into the reconstruction of ancient human diet. However, cooking may alter the original stable isotope compositions of food due to losses and modifications of biochemical and water components. Methods: To address this issue, carbon, ... Lire la suite »

  Abstract: Using  new  high-resolution 10Be  measurements in  the  NGRIP,  EDML  and  Vostok  ice  cores,  together  with previously  published  data  from  EDC,  we  present  an  improved ... Lire la suite »

Abstract: The Arctic is among the fastest warming regions on Earth, but it is also one with limited spatial coverage of multi-decadal instrumental surface air temperature measurements. Consequently, atmospheric reanalyses are relatively unconstrained in this region, resulting in a large spread of ... Lire la suite »

Abstract: Polar ice cores are unique climate archives. Indeed, most of them have a continuous stratigraphy and present high temporal resolution of many climate variables in a single archive. While water isotopic records (dD or d18O) in ice cores are often taken as reference for past atmospheric ... Lire la suite »

La mesure des isotopes de l’eau dans des carottes de neige courtes est un outil primordial pour étudier la variabilité climatique récente en Antarctique. Encore faut-il pouvoir interpréter de façon quantitative ce signal en termes de variations de ... Lire la suite »

Immigration and mobility in the mediaeval and post-mediaeval periods in Norway has, up until now, mainly been discussed on the basis of historical sources. This paper presents the results of stable oxygen isotope (d18O) analyses of the 1st and 3rd molars from 95 individuals from mediaeval and ... Lire la suite »

Used alone, the isotopic compositions of O and H in ice give insights into the variations of the local temperature, whereas taken together they can provide information on the climatic conditions at the point of origin of the moisture. Recent analyses of snow from shallow pits indicate that the ... Lire la suite »

The production of hydrogen by serpentinization in ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal systems is simulated by coupling thermodynamic and dynamic modeling in the framework of a thermo-hydraulic single-pass model where a high-temperature hydrothermal fluid moves preferentially through a main canal of high ... Lire la suite »

 Human occupation in Europe strongly fluctuated over the Quaternary. Archaeological records suggest an intermittent human occupation in Western Europe between 900 and 500 ka, especially in the north of Europe at latitude higher than 45°N. On the opposite, southern Europe, more stable from ... Lire la suite »

This study is the first presenting annually resolved chronologies of both δ18O and δ13C in Nothofagus pumilio and Fitzroya cupressoides trees from Northern Patagonia. Interannual variability in δ18O and δ13C was assessed over the period 1952-2011. Based on these ... Lire la suite »

  Oxygen and carbon isotope compositions of fossil bird eggshell calcite (δ18Ocalc and δ13Ccalc) are regularly used to reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions. The δ18Ocalc values mainly reflect the oxygen isotope composition of the waters ingested by birds (δ18Ow), ... Lire la suite »

  As part of its ongoing project on repositories for high-activity, long-lived radioactive waste, a 2000 m deep borehole was drilled by the French Nuclear Waste Agency (ANDRA) in the layered structure of alternating aquifers and aquitards of the Eastern Paris Basin. Among the information ... Lire la suite »

This article presents a reconstruction of summer droughts in France based on annually resolved, absolutely dated chronologies of oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) in tree ring cellulose from Quercus spp. Samples were taken from living trees and timber wood from historic buildings at two sites: ... Lire la suite »